MS vs. MA in Counseling: What's the Difference and Which Degree Should You Choose?
Updated August 20, 2024 · 5 Min Read
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Master of science (MS) and master of arts (MA) degrees in counseling provide a robust graduate education. However, these programs often differ in research, curriculum, and career outcomes. Use our guide to compare the MS vs. MA in counseling and make an informed decision on the program that best meets your personal and professional goals.
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MS vs. MA in Counseling: Curriculum Comparison
While both types of master's degrees in counseling share similar features, they differ in some key ways. An MS in counseling focuses on the scientific and research aspects of the field. It also centers on using statistics and empirical evidence to inform counseling practice. The MA degree is grounded in the humanities, emphasizing theoretical applications, therapeutic approaches, and legal and ethical issues.
Students with bachelor's degrees in liberal arts fields often pursue the more generalist MA degree. MS programs, which usually offer more specializations, typically admit students with bachelor's degrees in psychology or other related fields. Almost all master's degrees in counseling require 600-700 hours of clinical internships that help fulfill state licensure requirements.
Both master's programs usually require two years of full-time study and approximately 60 credits. Core courses include counseling practice; diagnosis, assessment, and treatment; and professional orientation and ethics. However, an MS program requires more instruction in research methods, statistics, and evidence-based interventions.
MS vs. MA in Counseling: Student Outcomes
Before enrolling in a counseling program, you need to research whether the program meets your personal needs and career goals. MS and MA requirements differ depending on available specializations and your location.
Professional Licensure
MS and MA degrees can prepare you for state counseling licensure, which allows you to practice independently and qualify for counseling positions in many work settings. Because licensure regulations vary by state, you should always check with your state board before enrolling in a program. The licensed professional counselor (LPC) designation is the most common credential, although some states use the title licensed mental health counselor, which is generally equivalent to the LPC license.
Career and Salary Outlook
An MS in counseling vs. an MA in counseling both provide numerous career choices within several counseling-related degrees, including school counselor, marriage and family counselor, and mental health counselor. Payscale data from June 2024 suggests that MS and MA degrees typically lead to similar salaries. Specifically, individuals who earned MS degrees may have higher earning potential than MA degree-holders within the mental health counseling and counseling psychology areas. Geographic location, specialization area, and scope of practice also affect salary potential.
| Degree | Master of Arts | Master of Science |
|---|---|---|
| Master's in Counseling | $60,000 | $60,000 |
| Master's in Mental Health Counseling | $53,000 | $55,000 |
| Master's in Counseling Psychology | $61,000 | $59,000 |
Doctoral Education
If you plan to advance your career in areas like research, postsecondary teaching, or specialized practice, consider a doctorate in counseling. Most Ph.D. and Ed.D programs do not differentiate between MS or MA applicants, admitting students from various backgrounds in counseling, psychology, and related fields. While both master's degrees provide the foundational knowledge needed for doctoral-level work, the MS emphasizes research and empirical applications that might be advantageous in some doctoral programs.
Choosing Between an MS vs. MA in Counseling
Both degree types offer benefits when considering an MS vs. an MA in counseling. Most notably, both programs allow graduates to sit for licensure exams and pursue counseling careers. Additional features common to both degrees include practicum opportunities, basic course requirements, and credit hours needed.
What specializations or concentrations does the program offer? An MS vs. an MA in counseling might offer different degree majors that could affect career outcomes or doctoral admissions. Additionally, consider research opportunities and ensure that those offered by specific programs align with your interests and goals.
Also, does the program offer flexibility for working students? Many colleges provide hybrid master's degree in counseling programs to accommodate students who maintain jobs in conjunction with studying; research MS vs. MA programs before applying to find your best fit.
Related Master's Degrees to Consider
Earning a graduate degree requires a considerable investment of time and resources. Before you choose a graduate program, take some time to consider your career goals and the degree path that best matches your interests. You may find that other degrees might work better for you, personally and professionally. Explore some of your other master's degree options.
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M.Ed in Counseling
Depending on the program, this degree can prepare you for a career as a K-12 counselor, college counselor, mental health counselor, administrator, or educational researcher. An M.Ed in counseling often appeals to professionals with teaching or counseling experience. -
Master's in Counseling Psychology
Like an MS or MA in counseling, this degree qualifies you for counseling licensure. However, the curriculum emphasizes core areas of psychology, statistics, and research. Courses also cover psychopathology; psychopharmacology; and psychoanalytical, diagnostic, and intervention therapies. This degree prepares you for a doctorate in psychology or one of its specialties. -
Master of Social Work
An MSW qualifies you to apply for master-level social work licensure and get the required supervised experience for clinical social work licensure. Licensed graduates can offer direct counseling services and work in various settings, developing and implementing treatment plans and matching social services to client needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What degree do most mental health counselors have?
Mental health counselors have completed four-year bachelor's degrees followed by two-year MS or MA program. Although specific requirements for counseling licensure differ across the country, most states require a master's degree in counseling from an accredited program, which includes an internship, completion of postgraduate clinical hours, and a passing score on the national counseling exam.
Does MS vs. MA in counseling matter?
The answer depends on your personal interests and professional goals. Both degrees require about 60 credits, cover core counseling foundations, and qualify graduates for state licensure. Yet, each degree focuses on emphasizing different aspects of counseling. In contrast to the humanistic-oriented MA degree, the MS emphasizes scientific inquiry and empirical applications.
Can you get licensed with an MA in counseling?
An MA in counseling can prepare you for licensure if you fulfill the requirements established by your state board. To qualify for licensure and independent practice as a counselor in most states, you must hold a master's degree from an accredited program, complete supervised clinical hours, and pass the state-approved exam.
Is an MS or MA in counseling better?
MS and MA degrees qualify graduates for state licensure and counseling roles in many work settings. Choose the program that best aligns with your personal and professional interests. If you have a liberal arts and humanistic orientation, an MA may offer the right path to enter a career in the helping professions. If you are interested in scientific inquiry and applied research, an MS program may prepare you for those professional opportunities.
Page last reviewed on June 17, 2024